{"id":7766,"date":"2022-07-03T22:26:29","date_gmt":"2022-07-03T20:26:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/crypto50x.com\/allt-sem-thu-tharft-ad-vita-um-sonnun-a-hlut-i-dulritunargjaldmidli\/"},"modified":"2022-07-03T22:26:29","modified_gmt":"2022-07-03T20:26:29","slug":"allt-sem-thu-tharft-ad-vita-um-sonnun-a-hlut-i-dulritunargjaldmidli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/is\/allt-sem-thu-tharft-ad-vita-um-sonnun-a-hlut-i-dulritunargjaldmidli\/","title":{"rendered":"Allt sem \u00fe\u00fa \u00fearft a\u00f0 vita um s\u00f6nnun \u00e1 hlut \u00ed dulritunargjaldmi\u00f0li"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cryptocurrency er ver\u00f0andi svi\u00f0 sem hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 vitni a\u00f0 tilkomu n\u00fdrra hugtaka sem mi\u00f0a a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera fj\u00e1rfestingar uppl\u00fdstari og \u00f6flugri. Eins og \u00e1 \u00f6llum svi\u00f0um, fyrir einn a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfan sig sem s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur e\u00f0a reynslu \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum og fj\u00e1rfestingum \u00ed dulritunargjaldmi\u00f0lum<\/a> , er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki l\u00faxus a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra algengu or\u00f0in sem notu\u00f0 eru.<\/p>\n

Kannski ertu n\u00fa \u00feegar a\u00f0 nenna hvernig dulritunargjaldmi\u00f0ill blockchain starfar. Eins og svo margir vita eru dulritunargjaldmi\u00f0lar studdir af tveimur fr\u00e1b\u00e6rum t\u00e6kni; blockchain og dulm\u00e1l. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed sj\u00e1lfsr\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti a\u00f0 taka nokkrar m\u00edn\u00fatur og n\u00e1 t\u00f6kum \u00e1 gangi m\u00e1la \u00ed greininni, hugt\u00f6k og hugsanlegar a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir.<\/p>\n

Byrjun \u00e1 Proof of Stake<\/h2>\n

\u00cd Proof of Stake (PoS) eru handah\u00f3fskenndir n\u00e1mumenn nota\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa vi\u00f0skipti. PoS er einnig samst\u00f6\u00f0ukerfi sem hj\u00e1lpar til vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3a n\u00fdjar blokkir sem og vinnslu vi\u00f0skipta \u00e1 blockchain<\/a> . \u00deessi a\u00f0fer\u00f0 er talin vera lausnin til a\u00f0 leysa umhverfis\u00e1hrif dulritunar.<\/p>\n

Cryptos eru dreif\u00f0ir gjaldmi\u00f0lar. \u00deetta \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 \u00feeir eru ekki undir stj\u00f3rn neins r\u00edkisvalds, \u00fear me\u00f0 tali\u00f0 fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lastofnana, sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6gt fyrir \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 sannreyna vi\u00f0skipti s\u00edn. \u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9u a\u00f0rar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir eins og Proof of Work<\/a> , er PoS einnig nota\u00f0 af \u00f6\u00f0rum dulritunum.<\/p>\n

The Way Proof of Stake Works<\/h2>\n

PoS gefur dulm\u00e1lsfj\u00e1rfestum m\u00f6guleika \u00e1 a\u00f0 leggja inn mynt \u00e1samt \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00faa til sta\u00f0festingarhn\u00fata s\u00edna. Me\u00f0 ve\u00f0setningu er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 ferli\u00f0 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 ve\u00f0setja mynt til a\u00f0 nota vi\u00f0 sannpr\u00f3fun vi\u00f0skipta. \u00deegar \u00fe\u00fa setur myntina \u00fe\u00edna \u00e1 legg eru \u00feeir l\u00e6stir. Hins vegar, ef \u00fe\u00fa \u00fearft a\u00f0 eiga vi\u00f0skipti me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1, \u00fe\u00e1 getur\u00f0u teki\u00f0 \u00far \u00feeim.<\/p>\n

Ef vinna \u00fearf \u00far blokk af f\u00e6rslum velur PoS si\u00f0areglur l\u00f6ggildingarhn\u00fat vi\u00f0 endursko\u00f0un blokkarinnar. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00feessi l\u00f6ggildingara\u00f0ili sem sta\u00f0festir n\u00e1kv\u00e6mni kubbanna<\/a> . Eftir a\u00f0 \u00feeir b\u00e6ta kubbnum vi\u00f0 blockchain \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00feeir f\u00e1 einnig ver\u00f0launin s\u00edn. \u00cd \u00feeim tilvikum \u00fear sem rangar uppl\u00fdsingar eru veittar \u00feegar l\u00f6ggildingara\u00f0ili leggur til a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta vi\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsingum, tapa \u00feeir hluta af hlut s\u00ednum. \u00deetta virkar sem v\u00edti.<\/p>\n

Merking ve\u00f0ja \u00ed s\u00f6nnun ve\u00f0s<\/h2>\n

Staking v\u00edsar til \u00feess ferlis \u00fear sem einstaklingar eru samm\u00e1la um a\u00f0 l\u00e6sa \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 magn af dulm\u00e1li \u00ed dulritunarskiptum. Meginmarkmi\u00f0i\u00f0 er a\u00f0 f\u00e1 t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa n\u00fdjar blokkir til a\u00f0 b\u00e6tast vi\u00f0 blockchain. Hagsmunaa\u00f0ilarnir e\u00f0a r\u00e9ttara sagt l\u00f6ggildingara\u00f0ilarnir setja dulm\u00e1l s\u00edn \u00ed snjallsamning og \u00feeim er haldi\u00f0 \u00ed blockchain.<\/p>\n

Blockchain reikniriti\u00f0 virkar \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 velur sta\u00f0festingara\u00f0ila vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 athuga n\u00fdja blokk<\/a> s. Hins vegar er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 muna a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 veltur allt \u00e1 magni dulritunar sem lagt er fyrir. Ef \u00fe\u00fa hefur lagt meira \u00fat \u00fe\u00e1 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa \u00e1tt mikla m\u00f6guleika \u00e1 a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a valinn. Eftir a\u00f0 g\u00f6gnunum sem l\u00f6ggildingara\u00f0ilinn hefur hreinsa\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 blockchain f\u00e6r ma\u00f0ur n\u00fdsm\u00ed\u00f0u\u00f0 dulm\u00e1l \u00ed formi ver\u00f0launa.<\/p>\n

\u00cd stuttu m\u00e1li, til a\u00f0 ma\u00f0ur hafi \u00e1huga, ver\u00f0ur ma\u00f0ur a\u00f0 kl\u00e1ra verkefni me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 athuga blockchain vi\u00f0skiptin. Til d\u00e6mis, ef \u00fe\u00fa sta\u00f0festir g\u00f3\u00f0 vi\u00f0skipti, \u00fe\u00e1 f\u00e6r\u00f0u vexti af eignum \u00fe\u00ednum. \u00dev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur, ef \u00fe\u00fa tekur me\u00f0 sl\u00e6m vi\u00f0skipti, \u00fe\u00e1 f\u00e6r\u00f0u sektir og missir jafnvel hluta af eignum \u00fe\u00ednum. \u00dear a\u00f0 auki, ef \u00fe\u00fa sem l\u00f6ggildingara\u00f0ili sendir inn sviksamlega vi\u00f0skipti, \u00fe\u00e1 g\u00e6tir\u00f0u veri\u00f0 refsa\u00f0 me\u00f0 ni\u00f0urskur\u00f0i. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 hluti af eignum \u00fe\u00ednum er sendur \u00e1 \u00f3noth\u00e6fa veskis heimilisfangi\u00f0 sem enginn hefur a\u00f0gang a\u00f0.<\/p>\n

Proof-of-stake vs. Proof-of-Work<\/h2>\n

S\u00f6nnun \u00e1 hlut og s\u00f6nnun fyrir vinnu \u00ed dulritunargjaldmi\u00f0li<\/a> virkar \u00e1 annan h\u00e1tt. \u00cd fyrsta lagi, hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar n\u00e1muvinnslu og l\u00f6ggildingu blokkar, \u00ed PoS \u00e1kvar\u00f0ar fj\u00f6ldi mynta e\u00f0a hlut l\u00edkurnar \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa n\u00fdja blokk. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn, fyrir PoW, \u00e1kvar\u00f0ar magn t\u00f6lvuvinnunnar sem lagt er upp me\u00f0 m\u00f6guleika n\u00e1mumannsins \u00e1 a\u00f0 vinna blokk.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00f6\u00f0ru lagi eru PoS og PoW mismunandi hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar dreifingu ver\u00f0launa. Til d\u00e6mis, \u00ed PoS, f\u00e6r l\u00f6ggildingara\u00f0ili ekki blokkarver\u00f0laun. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an er s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00feeir f\u00e1 netgjald. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn, eins og fyrir PoW, \u00fe\u00e1 er s\u00e1 sem vinnur kubb fyrst s\u00e1 sem f\u00e6r ver\u00f0laun.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00feri\u00f0ja lagi eru b\u00e6\u00f0i PoW og PoS mismunandi hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar samkeppni. \u00cd PoS er reiknirit \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00e1kvar\u00f0ar sigurvegara. \u00cd grundvallaratri\u00f0um byggir \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 st\u00e6r\u00f0 hlut \u00feeirra. \u00dear af lei\u00f0andi \u00feurfa n\u00e1mumenn \u00ed PoW a\u00f0 keppa vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 leysa \u00feraut. Vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 n\u00fdta \u00feeir t\u00f6lvuvinnslugetu.<\/p>\n

\u00dear a\u00f0 auki, hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar Forking, er PoS ekki sj\u00e1lfkrafa hugfalli\u00f0 me\u00f0 PoS kerfunum<\/a> . Hins vegar, fyrir PoW, kemur kerfi \u00feess \u00ed veg fyrir st\u00f6\u00f0uga gaffal sj\u00e1lfkrafa. Einnig, me\u00f0 tilliti til \u00f6ryggis, \u00ed PoS, hj\u00e1lpar ve\u00f0setning vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00e6sa dulritunareignunum \u00ed neti. \u00deetta eykur \u00f6ryggi \u00ed skiptum fyrir ver\u00f0laun. Engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur, \u00ed PoW, \u00fev\u00ed meira sem hassi\u00f0 er, \u00fev\u00ed \u00f6ruggara er neti\u00f0 \u00feess.<\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar s\u00e9rh\u00e6f\u00f0an b\u00fana\u00f0, \u00ed PoS, er sta\u00f0la\u00f0 t\u00e6ki \u00e1 net\u00fej\u00f3ni n\u00f3g. Aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti eru PoW graf\u00edsk vinnslueining og forritss\u00e9rt\u00e6kir sam\u00fe\u00e6ttir hringr\u00e1sir nota\u00f0ar vi\u00f0 myntn\u00e1m. Til a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta vi\u00f0 illgjarnri blokk \u00feurfa PoS n\u00e1mumenn a\u00f0 halda um 51% af \u00f6llu dulm\u00e1li \u00e1 netinu. Hins vegar, \u00ed PoW, \u00feurfa t\u00f6lvu\u00ferj\u00f3tar um 51% af t\u00f6lvuorku.<\/p>\n

Kostir Poof of Stake<\/h2>\n

S\u00f6nnun um vinnu notar miki\u00f0 af reiknikrafti. Vegna \u00feessa lag\u00f0i New York n\u00fdlega fram frumvarp til a\u00f0 banna n\u00e1muvinnslu \u00e1 dulm\u00e1li me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota kolefnisbundna orkugjafa<\/a> . \u00deess vegna er fyrsti kosturinn vi\u00f0 PoS a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er orkusparandi. Reiknirit \u00feess eru mj\u00f6g orkusparandi mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 PoW sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 gr\u00e6nni valkost. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 PoS ey\u00f0ir minna rafmagni sem og reikniorku.<\/p>\n

Valddreifing er annar g\u00f3\u00f0ur hluti af PoS. St\u00f3ru n\u00e1muverkf\u00e6rin f\u00e1 t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rna um 51% netkerfa sem keyra PoW kerfi\u00f0. \u00deetta m\u00e1l lei\u00f0ir af s\u00e9r mi\u00f0st\u00fdringar\u00f3gn. \u00deess vegna, ef notandi \u00e1 PoS netinu fj\u00e1rfestir tvisvar sem annar notandi, \u00fe\u00e1 hefur hann tvisvar stj\u00f3rn.<\/p>\n

PoS gefur einnig fleirum t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri \u00e1 a\u00f0 taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed blockchain kerfum. \u00deeir gera \u00feetta sem sta\u00f0festingara\u00f0ilar. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 sem kaupma\u00f0ur dulritunar me\u00f0 PoS \u00fearftu ekki a\u00f0 kaupa d\u00fdrt t\u00f6lvukerfi. A\u00f0 auki \u00fearftu ekki a\u00f0 neyta miki\u00f0 af rafmagni \u00feegar \u00fe\u00fa setur dulm\u00e1l. \u00deegar \u00fe\u00fa notar PoS \u00fearftu bara mynt. A\u00f0 auki, var\u00f0andi skilvirkni og \u00e1rei\u00f0anleika, er PoS hagkv\u00e6mara og orkusparna\u00f0. Hva\u00f0 PoW var\u00f0ar, \u00fe\u00e1 eru \u00feau minna orkusparandi og d\u00fdr. \u00dea\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0a vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 er a\u00f0 \u00feeir eru \u00e1rei\u00f0anlegri.<\/p>\n

PoS veitir h\u00e6rra dulritunar<\/a> -efnahagslegt \u00f6ryggi samanbori\u00f0 vi\u00f0 PoW. Einnig gerir ve\u00f0setning \u00fea\u00f0 au\u00f0velt fyrir kaupmann a\u00f0 vinna a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tryggja neti\u00f0. Me\u00f0 \u00feessu er stu\u00f0la\u00f0 a\u00f0 valddreifingu. Sta\u00f0festingarhn\u00faturinn getur bara keyrt \u00e1 venjulegri fart\u00f6lvu. Stu\u00f0ningspottarnir gefa notendum ennfremur m\u00f6guleika \u00e1 a\u00f0 ve\u00f0ja jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00feeir hafi ekki 32 ETH.<\/p>\n

\u00d3kostirnir vi\u00f0 s\u00f6nnun \u00e1 h\u00fafi<\/h2>\n

Eins miki\u00f0 og s\u00f6nnun \u00e1 hlut er afl og orkusparandi, hefur \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00edna galla. Eitt af \u00fev\u00ed er a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er ungt eins og \u00fea\u00f0 var n\u00fdlega fundi\u00f0 upp. \u00deetta \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hefur ekki veri\u00f0 pr\u00f3fa\u00f0 lengi samanbori\u00f0 vi\u00f0 PoW. \u00dear a\u00f0 auki er innlei\u00f0ing PoS fl\u00f3kin mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 PoW. A\u00f0 flytja dulm\u00e1l fr\u00e1 PoW til PoS er mj\u00f6g v\u00edsvitandi ferli. Ma\u00f0ur \u00fearf a\u00f0 fara \u00ed gegnum erfitt skipulagsferli. Stefnan eykur heilleika blockchain.<\/p>\n

\u00cd PoW giska kaupmenn \u00e1 nokkrar t\u00f6lur. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 hver sem er getur gert \u00fea\u00f0. Hins vegar, \u00ed PoS, hefur f\u00f3lk me\u00f0 h\u00e1a upph\u00e6\u00f0 mikla m\u00f6guleika \u00e1 a\u00f0 vinna. \u00deess vegna \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 sannpr\u00f3funara\u00f0ilar sem hafa miki\u00f0 magn af dulritunar- e\u00f0a blockchain t\u00e1knum hafa meiri \u00e1hrif \u00e1 kerfi PoS.<\/p>\n

The Cryptos nota s\u00f6nnun \u00e1 hlut<\/h2>\n