{"id":9329,"date":"2022-07-19T14:38:43","date_gmt":"2022-07-19T12:38:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/crypto50x.com\/soft-fork-v-kryptomenach\/"},"modified":"2022-07-19T14:38:43","modified_gmt":"2022-07-19T12:38:43","slug":"soft-fork-v-kryptomenach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/soft-fork-v-kryptomenach\/","title":{"rendered":"Soft Fork v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kryptom\u011bny se op\u00edraj\u00ed o dv\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 technologie, mezi n\u011b\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed kryptografie a blockchain. Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto dv\u011b technologie ukotvily kryptom\u011bny a u\u010dinily z nich to, o \u010dem se dnes mluv\u00ed. Vedle t\u011bchto technologi\u00ed je to t\u011b\u017eba kryptom\u011bn a uzl\u016f. Nyn\u00ed u\u017e jist\u011b v\u00edte, \u017ee t\u011b\u017eba kryptom\u011bn<\/a> je proces, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m vznikaj\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bny. Proces t\u011b\u017eby kryptografick\u00fdch dat zahrnuje technologicky vysp\u011bl\u00e9 procesy prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 kryptografick\u00fdmi uzly.<\/p>\n

Kryptografick\u00e9 uzly jsou naproti tomu ka\u017ed\u00fd jednotliv\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, kter\u00fd je p\u0159ipojen k s\u00edti ostatn\u00edch, \u0159\u00edd\u00ed se protokoly a umo\u017e\u0148uje vz\u00e1jemnou v\u00fdm\u011bnu informac\u00ed. Podrobn\u00e9 informace o tom, jak jsou kryptom\u011bnov\u00e9 uzly z\u0159\u00edzeny a jak funguj\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b, najdete v \u010dl\u00e1nku Co je to bitcoinov\u00fd uzel<\/a>? Od z\u00e1kladn\u00edho pochopen\u00ed uzl\u016f se odv\u00edj\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, jak se star\u00e9 uzly skute\u010dn\u011b propoj\u00ed s nov\u00fdmi, aby blockchain z\u016fstal kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed. Odpov\u011bd\u00ed na tuto ot\u00e1zku je m\u011bkk\u00e1 vidlice.<\/p>\n

V kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch soft fork<\/a> umo\u017e\u0148uje uzl\u016fm v nov\u00e9 kryptom\u011bn\u011b komunikovat se star\u00fdmi uzly a naopak. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee i kdy\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k aktualizac\u00edm, nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9ho blockchainu. To proto, \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n

V technologii blockchain<\/a> znamen\u00e1 soft fork zm\u011bnu softwarov\u00e9ho protokolu a p\u0159edchoz\u00ed platn\u00e9 transakce se stanou neplatn\u00fdmi. Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem je, \u017ee star\u00e9 uzly pova\u017euj\u00ed nov\u00e9 bloky za legitimn\u00ed. Softwarov\u00e1 vidlice je proto zp\u011btn\u011b kompatibiln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Porozum\u011bn\u00ed m\u011bkk\u00e9 vidlici<\/h2>\n

Soft fork je do\u010dasn\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed od hard forku. P\u0159i soft forku mohou uzly star\u00e9ho konsensu pova\u017eovat nov\u00e9 transakce za platn\u00e9. Soft forky nav\u00edc nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, aby se na spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du shodli v\u0161ichni t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zavedena, pokud s n\u00ed bude souhlasit v\u011bt\u0161ina obchodn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

To, \u017ee neumo\u017e\u0148uje, aby se v\u0161ichni se v\u0161emi lidmi shodli, je dobr\u00e9. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee modernizace s\u00edt\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt provedena tak rychle, jak dlouho s t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161ina \u010dlen\u016f komunity souhlas\u00ed. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech doch\u00e1z\u00ed k „soft forku“ kv\u016fli chyb\u011b t\u011b\u017ea\u0159e. St\u00e1v\u00e1 se to, kdy\u017e star\u00e9 uzly poru\u0161uj\u00ed nov\u00e1 pravidla, o kter\u00fdch se nev\u00ed. Je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, \u017ee nejlep\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak zvr\u00e1tit soft fork, je hard fork.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch dojde k soft forku, zm\u011bn\u00ed se pravidla pro p\u0159ijet\u00ed bloku do blockchainu<\/a>. Pravidla jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1na za zp\u011btn\u011b kompatibiln\u00ed. To jednodu\u0161e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nov\u00e1 pravidla obsa\u017een\u00e1 v nov\u00e9 verzi jsou podmno\u017einou star\u00fdch pravidel. P\u0159\u00edkladem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zm\u011bna rychlostn\u00edho limitu v obci z 50 na 70 km\/h, kdy lid\u00e9 jedouc\u00ed rychlost\u00ed 50 km\/h st\u00e1le dodr\u017euj\u00ed p\u0159edpisy.<\/p>\n

M\u011bkk\u00fd fork nenaru\u0161uje blockchain ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e. Je to d\u00e1no t\u00edm, \u017ee uzly nemus\u00ed m\u011bnit v\u0161echny bloky, kter\u00e9 byly d\u0159\u00edve vyt\u011b\u017eeny, aby byly bloky platn\u00e9 i po ozn\u00e1men\u00ed nov\u00e9ho r\u00e1mce. Proto budou p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1ny podle nov\u00fdch pravidel.<\/p>\n

Soft forking je polost\u00e1l\u00e1 forma divergence v technologii blockchain. Proto\u017ee zm\u011bny nejsou tak drastick\u00e9, nevedou k vysok\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m tr\u017en\u00ed hodnoty kryptom\u011bny. Krom\u011b toho lze zm\u011bny snadno zvr\u00e1tit.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edklad soft forku v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

P\u0159\u00edkladem je Soft Fork SegWit, kter\u00fd prob\u011bhl v roce 2017. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby do\u0161lo v \u0159et\u011bzci Bitcoin<\/a> k soft forku protokolu segregovan\u00fdch sv\u011bdk\u016f. Jeho hlavn\u00ed implementac\u00ed bylo zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed limitu velikosti bloku. Dal\u0161\u00ed implementac\u00ed bylo zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rychlosti transakc\u00ed v \u0159et\u011bzci.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee se jednalo o m\u011bkk\u00fd fork, ovlivnilo to n\u011bkter\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ea\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed necht\u011bli nov\u00fd protokol, aby prosadili tvrd\u00fd fork a vytvo\u0159ili tak Bitcoin Cash. Segwit zm\u011bnil form\u00e1t transakc\u00ed a blok\u016f. To m\u011blo umo\u017enit star\u00fdm uzl\u016fm ov\u011b\u0159ovat transakce a bloky.<\/p>\n

Hard Fork nebo Soft Fork, kter\u00fd je lep\u0161\u00ed?<\/h2>\n

Soft fork a hard fork maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 c\u00edle. Sporn\u00e9 hard forky sice obvykle rozd\u011bl\u00ed komunitu, ale ty chytr\u00e9 a dob\u0159e napl\u00e1novan\u00e9 mohou v\u00e9st k \u00faprav\u011b softwaru. V\u0161ichni v\u0161ak mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zajedno.<\/p>\n

Podle kryptografick\u00fdch burz<\/a> slou\u017e\u00ed soft fork a hard fork k odli\u0161n\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm. Tvrd\u00e9 vidli\u010dky mohou nahradit m\u011bkk\u00e9 vidli\u010dky, proto\u017ee b\u00fdvaj\u00ed diplomatick\u00e9 a jemn\u00e9. Pokud aktualizace nem\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159edpisy, nen\u00ed t\u0159eba se ob\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed m\u011bkk\u00e9 vidlice<\/h2>\n

Soft fork v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch m\u00e1 tendenci p\u0159id\u00e1vat nebo m\u011bnit funkce t\u00edm, \u017ee nezasahuje do struktury blockchainu. Mezi d\u016fvody, pro\u010d k tomu m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt, pat\u0159\u00ed aktualizace nebo zm\u011bna softwaru a zm\u011bna algoritmu konsensu.<\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011b\u017ea\u0159\u016f v s\u00edti vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i vynucov\u00e1n\u00ed pravidel s\u00edlu hashov\u00e1n\u00ed, jedn\u00e1 se o soft fork aktivovan\u00fd t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i (MASF). Naproti tomu u\u017eivatelsky aktivovan\u00fd soft fork (UASF) je situace, kdy v\u0161echny uzly koordinovan\u011b prosazuj\u00ed nov\u00e1 pravidla. Horn\u00edci v\u0161ak toto rozhodnut\u00ed nemus\u00ed podpo\u0159it.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed rozd\u00edly mezi hard forkem a soft forkem<\/h2>\n

Zat\u00edmco hard fork je zp\u011btn\u011b nekompatibiln\u00ed, soft fork je zp\u011btn\u011b kompatibiln\u00ed. Hard fork je vratn\u00fd, zat\u00edmco soft fork je nevratn\u00fd. Jedin\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak to napravit, je nejprve jej zm\u011bnit na hard fork. P\u0159i hard forku nav\u00edc nakonec vzniknou dva blockchainy, zat\u00edmco p\u0159i soft forku se nakonec vytvo\u0159\u00ed jedin\u00fd blockchain.<\/p>\n

Hard fork se tak\u00e9 zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e soft fork. Co se t\u00fd\u010de pravidel, hard fork pot\u0159ebuje, aby nov\u00e1 pravidla potvrdili v\u0161ichni t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i<\/a>. Pokud jde o soft fork, sta\u010d\u00ed, aby se na n\u011bm shodla v\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011b\u017ea\u0159\u016f. I kdy\u017e hard fork m\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161echna pravidla v blockchainu, soft fork vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed a funkc\u00ed do blockchainu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kryptom\u011bny se op\u00edraj\u00ed o dv\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 technologie, mezi n\u011b\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed kryptografie a blockchain. Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto dv\u011b technologie ukotvily kryptom\u011bny a u\u010dinily z nich to, o \u010dem se dnes mluv\u00ed. Vedle t\u011bchto technologi\u00ed je to t\u011b\u017eba kryptom\u011bn a uzl\u016f. Nyn\u00ed u\u017e jist\u011b v\u00edte, \u017ee t\u011b\u017eba kryptom\u011bn je proces, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m vznikaj\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bny. Proces … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8628,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[619,909],"tags":[242,3917,237,3918,911],"class_list":["post-9329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kryptomena","category-technologie-blockchain","tag-bitcoin-cs","tag-hard-fork-cs","tag-kryptomena-cs","tag-mekka-vidlice","tag-technologie-blockchain"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9329","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9329"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9329\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8628"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}