{"id":8878,"date":"2022-07-11T21:41:07","date_gmt":"2022-07-11T19:41:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/crypto50x.com\/hard-fork-v-kryptomenach\/"},"modified":"2022-07-11T21:41:07","modified_gmt":"2022-07-11T19:41:07","slug":"hard-fork-v-kryptomenach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/hard-fork-v-kryptomenach\/","title":{"rendered":"Hard Fork v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ani\u017e bych cht\u011bl b\u00fdt trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo pon\u011bkud ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00fd, kryptom\u011bny jsou cel\u00e1 dynamick\u00e1 oblast a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd lenoch v n\u00ed nep\u0159e\u017eije. Denn\u011b se setk\u00e1v\u00e1te s nov\u00fdmi term\u00edny, kter\u00e9 sice znamenaj\u00ed n\u011bco tak jednoduch\u00e9ho, ale p\u016fsob\u00ed velmi komplikovan\u00fdm dojmem. <a href=\"https:\/\/corporatefinanceinstitute.com\/resources\/knowledge\/other\/hard-fork\/#:~:text=A%20hard%20fork%20refers%20to,invalid%2C%20or%20vice%2Dversa.\">Hard Fork<\/a> je takovou terminologi\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch je hard fork radik\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bnou v protokolech blockchainov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. Je spojena s technologi\u00ed blockchain a \u010din\u00ed blok, kter\u00fd byl d\u0159\u00edve neplatn\u00fdmi transakcemi a bloky, platn\u00fdm a naopak. Jako u\u017eivatel hard forku byste v\u0161ak m\u011bli m\u00edt aktualizovanou nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed verzi softwaru protokolu. Mezi strany, kter\u00e9 mohou iniciovat forky, pat\u0159\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 kryptografick\u00e9 komunity v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n<h2>Pochopen\u00ed hard forku v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n<p>Ne\u017e pochop\u00edte hard fork, mus\u00edte nejprve porozum\u011bt <a href=\"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/co-potrebujete-vedet-o-technologii-blockchain\/\">technologii blockchainu<\/a>. Blockchain zahrnuje bloky dat, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed jako digit\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed kniha. Data, kter\u00e1 jsou v blockchainu, lze vysledovat od prvn\u00ed transakce v s\u00edti. Hard fork je tedy trval\u00e1 odchylka, kter\u00e1 vych\u00e1z\u00ed z nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed verze blockchainu. Tak\u00e9 to vede k rozd\u011blen\u00ed blockchainu, proto\u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 uzly nemus\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout konsensu.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b toho se v blockchainu vytvo\u0159\u00ed rozv\u011btven\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e cesta pokra\u010duje podle aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho souboru pravidel. Pokud jde o druhou cestu, ta se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed nov\u00fdm souborem pravidel. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech jsou tvrd\u00e9 vidlice pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 kv\u016fli \u010dast\u00e9mu \u0161t\u011bpen\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzu. Pokud dojde k rozd\u011blen\u00ed mezi uzly, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159i ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed transakc\u00ed, a t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 zabezpe\u010duj\u00ed, st\u00e1v\u00e1 se s\u00ed\u0165 zranitelnou v\u016f\u010di \u00fatok\u016fm a m\u00e9n\u011b bezpe\u010dnou.<\/p>\n<p>Hard fork lze definovat jako zm\u011bnu pravidel s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky v protokolu blockchainov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. P\u0159i porovn\u00e1n\u00ed se star\u00fdmi pravidly lze platn\u00e9 bloky vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed nov\u00fdch pravidel pova\u017eovat za neplatn\u00e9. Naopak neplatn\u00e9 budou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za platn\u00e9. Aby v\u0161echny uzly pracovaly podle nov\u00fdch pravidel, je proto nutn\u00e1 aktualizace softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>Po p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho pravidla n\u00e1sleduje jedna cesta po nov\u00e9m blokov\u00e9m \u0159et\u011bzci. Zat\u00edmco prob\u00edh\u00e1 tento proces, navazuje na star\u00fd proces dal\u0161\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy jeden u\u017eivatel pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 star\u00fd software, zat\u00edmco jin\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nov\u00fd software, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k trval\u00e9mu rozd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>D\u016fvody pro zaveden\u00ed hard forku v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee jsou uvedeny d\u016fvody, pro\u010d v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed hard fork:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Obr\u00e1cen\u00e1 transakce<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch funkc\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Oprava z\u00e1sadn\u00edch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch rizik ve star\u0161\u00ed verzi softwaru<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Reklamace nov\u00e9 mince po rozv\u011btven\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Po hard forku Bitcoinu z\u00edsk\u00e1te nov\u011b vygenerovanou minci a tak\u00e9 Bitcoin. Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak r\u016fzn\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby, jak si minci na sv\u016fj \u00fa\u010det n\u00e1rokovat. Proberu n\u011bkter\u00e9 tipy. Jednou z nich je opatrnost p\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb nab\u00edzen\u00fdch t\u0159et\u00edmi stranami. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee se m\u016f\u017ee jednat o podvody. Bu\u010fte proto trp\u011bliv\u00ed a po\u010dkejte, a\u017e poskytovatel pen\u011b\u017eenky bude novou minci podporovat nebo ji z\u00edsk\u00e1te od spolehliv\u00e9 burzy, jako jsou Binance, eToro a Plus500.<\/p>\n<p>Po forku mus\u00edte sv\u00e9 bitcoiny ulo\u017eit do hardwarov\u00e9 pen\u011b\u017eenky. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee je to pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Nezapome\u0148te, \u017ee kdy\u017e nov\u00e1 mince z\u00edsk\u00e1 dostate\u010dnou podporu komunity, jsou v\u00fdrobci hardwarov\u00fdch pen\u011b\u017eenek v\u010detn\u011b Ledgeru a TREZORu prvn\u00ed, kdo vytvo\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1stroj pro rozd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b toho byste m\u011bli b\u00fdt v prvn\u00edch dnech po z\u00e1sahu vidli\u010dkou opatrn\u00ed. Pokud provedete transakci b\u011bhem prvn\u00edch dn\u016f po forku, m\u016f\u017eete se st\u00e1t ob\u011bt\u00ed \u00fatoku replay. Proto mus\u00edte b\u00fdt opatrn\u00ed, aby hacke\u0159i nevyu\u017eili \u00fadaje o transakc\u00edch k odstran\u011bn\u00ed va\u0161ich minc\u00ed z pen\u011b\u017eenky. M\u011bli byste b\u00fdt opatrn\u00ed a po\u010dkat, a\u017e bude provedena \u00faprava algoritmu pro novou minci.<\/p>\n<h2>Vliv hard forku v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n<p>Hard forky mohou m\u00edt na kryptografickou s\u00ed\u0165 jak pozitivn\u00ed, tak negativn\u00ed vliv. V\u0161e z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na zp\u016fsobu proveden\u00ed. Prvn\u00edm n\u00e1razem jsou shozy ze vzduchu. Hard forky proveden\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm divergentn\u00ed verze kryptografick\u00e9ho k\u00f3du zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee u\u017eivatel\u00e9 z\u00edskaj\u00ed kryptografick\u00e9 airdropy stejn\u00e9ho dr\u017een\u00ed v nov\u00e9m kryptografick\u00e9m k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Druh\u00fdm dopadem je zlep\u0161en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b. Protokoly <a href=\"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/podrobny-pruvodce-nakupem-prvni-kryptomeny\/\">kryptom\u011bn<\/a>, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159i p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed funkc\u00ed hard forked, zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00edch. U n\u011bkter\u00fdch protokol\u016f m\u016f\u017ee nav\u00edc doj\u00edt ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rychlosti a p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch funkc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Tvrd\u00fd fork m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 v\u00e9st k naru\u0161en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b. V takov\u00e9 situaci by mohl \u0161patn\u00fd subjekt vyu\u017e\u00edt situace k podvodu na jin\u00fdch osob\u00e1ch. Kryptografick\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b tak\u00e9 \u010del\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm hrozb\u00e1m v\u010detn\u011b 51% \u00fatok\u016f a replay\u016f v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee fork nen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b o\u0161et\u0159en.<\/p>\n<h3>Finan\u010dn\u00ed vliv hard forku v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch dopad\u016f hard forku je jeho vliv na finan\u010dn\u00ed hodnotu. V\u00fdsledek hard forku ur\u010duje pokles a r\u016fst ceny kryptom\u011bny. V minulosti nav\u00edc hard forky vyu\u017eilo n\u011bkolik obchodn\u00edk\u016f s kryptom\u011bnami k nafouknut\u00ed ceny a rychl\u00e9mu vyd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz.<\/p>\n<p>Velc\u00ed obchodn\u00edci s kryptom\u011bnami p\u0159ed hard forkem nakupuj\u00ed. Jejich ne\u00fanavn\u00e9 nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed jim umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstup k vysok\u00e9mu po\u010dtu minc\u00ed. Pozd\u011bji se star\u00e9 mince vym\u011bn\u00ed za nov\u00e9, proto\u017ee se rozv\u011btv\u00ed. Je to proto, \u017ee velc\u00ed obchodn\u00edci s kryptom\u011bnami v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee cena nov\u00fdch minc\u00ed se bude nafukovat.<\/p>\n<p>Forking zvy\u0161uje cenu kryptom\u011bny. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 kryptografie je obvykle technologicky vysp\u011blej\u0161\u00ed. Existuje tak\u00e9 vysok\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee cena vzroste v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee obchodn\u00edci projektu d\u016fv\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed. Proto m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zhroucen\u00ed ceny v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je trh skeptick\u00fd ohledn\u011b vidlice.<\/p>\n<h2>Rozd\u00edly mezi hard forkem a soft forkem<\/h2>\n<p>V n\u011bkter\u00fdch ohledech jsou tvrd\u00e9 a m\u011bkk\u00e9 vidlice stejn\u00e9. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pln\u00ed stejnou funkci, \u017ee kdy\u017e se zm\u011bn\u00ed k\u00f3d v \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, star\u00e1 verze z\u016fstane zachov\u00e1na, zat\u00edmco se vyv\u00edj\u00ed nov\u00e1 verze. Rozd\u00edl je v\u0161ak v tom, kdy v blockchainu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v platnosti.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i soft forku z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v platnosti pouze jeden blockchain, zat\u00edmco u\u017eivatel\u00e9 p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed aktualizaci. Na druhou stranu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/h\/hard-fork.asp\">p\u0159i hard forku existuj\u00ed<\/a> na ka\u017ed\u00e9 stran\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/h\/hard-fork.asp\">nov\u00fd i star\u00fd blockchain<\/a>. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee abyste mohli pracovat s nov\u00fdmi pravidly, mus\u00edte prov\u00e9st aktualizaci softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>Pro lep\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme jako p\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017e\u00edt stupe\u0148 opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Po aktualizaci funguj\u00ed v\u0161echny aplikace v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed i s novou verz\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je hard fork kompletn\u00ed zm\u011bna v nov\u00e9m opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ani\u017e bych cht\u011bl b\u00fdt trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo pon\u011bkud ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00fd, kryptom\u011bny jsou cel\u00e1 dynamick\u00e1 oblast a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd lenoch v n\u00ed nep\u0159e\u017eije. Denn\u011b se setk\u00e1v\u00e1te s nov\u00fdmi term\u00edny, kter\u00e9 sice znamenaj\u00ed n\u011bco tak jednoduch\u00e9ho, ale p\u016fsob\u00ed velmi komplikovan\u00fdm dojmem. Hard Fork je takovou terminologi\u00ed. V kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch je hard fork radik\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bnou v protokolech blockchainov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. Je spojena s &#8230; <a title=\"Hard Fork v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/hard-fork-v-kryptomenach\/\" aria-label=\"\u010c\u00edst v\u00edce o Hard Fork v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8595,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[792,615,25,52],"tags":[6,793,10,4,3586,3587],"class_list":["post-8878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blockchain-technology","category-cryptocurrency","category-mining","category-uncategorized-cs","tag-bitcoin","tag-blockchain-technology","tag-crypto-investment","tag-cryptocurrency","tag-hard-fork","tag-soft-fork"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8878","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8878"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8878\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8878"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8878"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crypto50x.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8878"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}